IVC&ITS 2014 Abstracts

Full Papers Short Papers
Full Papers
Paper Nr: 10
Title:

ECG Signals for Biometric Applications - Are we there yet?
Authors:

Carlos Carreiras, André Lourenço, Ana Fred and Rui Ferreira
Abstract: The potential of the electrocardiographic (ECG) signal as a biometric trait has been ascertained in the literature over the past decade. The inherent characteristics of the ECG make it an interesting biometric modality, given its universality, intrinsic aliveness detection, continuous availability, and inbuilt hidden nature. These properties enable the development of novel applications, where non-intrusive and continuous authentication are critical factors. Examples include, among others, electronic trading platforms, the gaming industry, and the auto industry, in particular for car sharing programs and fleet management solutions. However, there are still some challenges to overcome in order to make the ECG a widely accepted biometric. In particular, the questions of uniqueness (inter-subject variability) and permanence over time (intra-subject variability) are still largely unanswered. In this paper we focus on the uniqueness question, presenting a preliminary study of our biometric recognition system, testing it on a database encompassing 618 subjects. We also performed tests with subsets of this population. The results reinforce that the ECG is a viable trait for biometrics, having obtained an Equal Error Rate of 9:01% and an Error of Identification of 15:64% for the entire test population.
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Short Papers
Paper Nr: 5
Title:

Pedestrian Detection using HOG-based Block Selection
Authors:

Minsung Kang and Young Chul Lim
Abstract: Recently, pedestrian detection methods have been popularly used in the field of intelligent vehicles. In most previous works, the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) is used to extract features for pedestrian detection. However HOG is difficult to use in the real-time operating system of an intelligent vehicle. In this paper, we proposed a pedestrian detection method using a HOG-based block selection. First, we analyse the HOG block and select the parts of the block with a high hit rate. We then use only 20% of the total HOG blocks for the pedestrian feature. The proposed method is 5 times faster than methods using the entire feature, while performance remains almost the same.
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Paper Nr: 6
Title:

Stereo Vision-based Visual Tracking using 3D Feature Clustering for Robust Vehicle Tracking
Authors:

Young-Chul Lim and Minsung Kang
Abstract: In order to detect vehicles on the road reliably, a vehicle detector and tracker should be integrated to work in unison. In real applications, some of the ROIs generated from a vehicle detector are often ill-fitting due to imperfect detector outputs. The ill-fitting ROIs make it difficult for tracker to estimate a target vehicle correctly due to outliers. In this paper, we propose a stereo-based visual tracking method using a 3D feature clustering scheme to overcome this problem. Our method selects reliable features using feature matching and a 3D feature clustering method and estimates an accurate transform model using a modified RANSAC algorithm. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method offers better performance compared with previous feature-based tracking methods.
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Paper Nr: 7
Title:

Consensus Coordination in the Network of Autonomous Intersection Management
Authors:

Chairit Wuthishuwong and Ansgar Traechtler
Abstract: The Autonomous Intersection Management (AIM) will be a future method for the Intelligent Transportation System. It combines wireless communication and the autonomous vehicle in order to create the new concept for managing road traffic more safely and efficienly. The distributed control principle is applied to the intersection network to control the traffic in the macroscopic level. The Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) and Infrastructure to Infrastructure (I2I) communication are used to exchange the traffic information between a single autonomous vehicle to the network of autonomous intersections The discrete time consensus algorithm is implemented to coordinate the gross traffic density of an intersection and its neighborhoods in the network. The boundary condition for the uncongested flow is created by using the Greenshield’s traffic model. The proposed method represents the ability to maintain the traffic flow rate of each intersection and operates with the uncongested flow condition. The simulation results of the network of a multiple autonomous intersection are provided.
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Paper Nr: 8
Title:

Smooth Trajectory Generation with 4D Space Analysis for Dynamic Obstacle Avoidance
Authors:

Suhyeon Gim, Lounis Adouane, Sukhan Lee and Jean-Pierre Derutin
Abstract: This paper presents smooth trajectory generation scheme for obstacle avoidance in static and dynamic environment. The smooth trajectory has successive two steps where smooth path is generated firstly and then corresponding velocity is planned along the path. Smooth path of continuous curvature is composed by parametrically adjusted clothoids with proposed algorithm and then the safe velocity planning is carried out in the 4D configuration framework. Two circles are used to completely surround the used nonholonomic car-like vehicle, this permit to check the probable future vehicle's collisions and to have space-time analysis. Some demonstrative simulations show the strong potential of the proposed smooth and flexible methodology for future experimentations with actual vehicles.
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Paper Nr: 9
Title:

An Autonomic System for Intelligent Truck Parking
Authors:

Jose Garcia, Vicente R. Tomás López, Luis A. García Fernández and Juan J. Martínez Durá
Abstract: Traffic and road transport conditions are strongly influenced by the decisions of drivers. The more information they be provided better decisions about their behavior may take. This is especially important in the transport of goods, since drivers are subject to traffic laws about maximum driving time and minimum time rest. In this paper a multi-agent system for negotiated management of parking spaces in road rest areas is presented. This system dynamically adapts itself to the preferences and needs of the drivers of goods about parking requests. The system is shown to be robust to incidents regarding the closure of road rest areas and an increased volume of freight traffic. The results also show that the number of illegal parkings is reduced resulting in greater road safety.
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Paper Nr: 11
Title:

Cognitive Systems in Intelligent Vehicles - A New Frontier for Autonomous Driving
Authors:

Elvio Amparore, Marco Beccuti, Simona Collina, Flavia De Simone, Susanna Donatelli and Fabio Tango
Abstract: This position paper introduces the concept of "artificial co-pilot" (that is, a driver model), with a focus on driver's oriented cognitive cars, in order to illustrate a new approach for future intelligent vehicles, which overcomes the limitations of nowadays models. The core consists in adopting the human cognitive framework for vehicles, following an artificial intelligent approach to take decisions. This paper illustrates in details these concepts, as they are under development in the EU co-funded project HOLIDES.
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Paper Nr: 3
Title:

An Experimental Comparison of Dynamic Routing Protocols in Mobile Networks
Authors:

Vadim Glazunov, Oleg Gusikhin, Leonid Kurochkin, Mikhail Kurochkin and Sergey Popov
Abstract: The paper deals with the research of dynamic attributes of routing protocols in the vehicle’s movement simulation in urban environment. Simulation environment allows to modify the volume of the transmitted data, transmission speed, failures’ character and intensity. The research was performed for OLSR and B.A.T.M.A.N. protocols. The obtained results permit to formulate optimal conditions for using these protocols on the vehicle’s board.
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